Experts from NUST MISIS and the minimally invasive company Biomimetics, in collaboration with veterinarians, have developed a titanium-nickel implant for pugs, the press office of the Russian State Research Technical University MISiS (NUST MISIS) recently announced. The implant allows animals with a collapsing larynx to breathe on their own without having to have a tube in the throat.
According to experts, high nickel-titanium alloy products with shape memory effect are widely used in medicine, and NUST MISIS used this alloy to make implants for pugs with collapsed throats. A collapsing larynx is a common ailment in this breed, causing shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. As a result, animals may die or be forced to breathe with special cannulas for life.
"The implant sample is an elliptical cylinder stent. The installed stent supports the laryngeal cartilage in an optimal position, preventing the airway from closing and restoring the animal's ability to breathe naturally." NUST MISIS Metal Pressure Treatment, one of the authors of the study said Damir Achimbayev, a master's student in the department.
According to him, less than 3 months after the implant was implanted, tissue grew through the pores of the scaffold, and the installed scaffold was fully implanted in the dog's throat. At present, processes have been developed for custom series-sized implants, a small batch of products has been produced, and heat treatment patterns have been developed.
As Damir Achimbayev said, implants can be installed in cases where animals are seriously ill. Previously, when a sick animal no longer responded to oxygen mask therapy, the only way to treat it was to perform a tracheotomy. Through the skin of the neck, a tube is installed in the windpipe, which requires constant hygiene to remove mucus, cilia, or the windpipe can become blocked. The effectiveness of the stent has been proven in clinical practice - it was successfully installed in two dogs.
Currently, developers are looking for more technical designs of the implant to reduce its cost and to develop porous polymer coating techniques to improve its fusion with the larynx.
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